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Posts Tagged ‘economic development’

The Minister of Labor and Immigration, Valerian Gomez, said today that the pension reform agreed between Government and social partners will help reduce the shadow economy, and could bring out between 100,000 and 150,000 irregular jobs. In a radio interview, the minister has quantified the overall Spanish economy at around 20% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), according to various studies.

Gomez explained that the diversity of the measures included in the reform of public pension system, as the possibility of smaller contributions, could entail some form of illegal employment is a result of the costs. In this regard, said illegal jobs tend to increase during periods of crisis and that the pension reform can make them emerge more quickly.

The minister also stressed that this reform will help create jobs, because in the tripartite agreement also provides for an “emergency plan” to stimulate hiring by employers, with reductions of contributions. Has also ensured that tomorrow the Executive and the social partners will finalize the details of this plan is “to give employers the best conditions of employment so they can reduce their costs.”

The plan is part of the reform of the active policies that seek to improve the capacity of training and retraining of public employment services of the autonomous communities, and where stands the new financial aid of about 400 euros for the unemployed without income want to do job placement programs.

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Both in 2011 and in 2012 the growth of emerging and developing economies remain strong and will reach 6.5%, i.e. a small slowdown compared to growth of 7% recorded last year, “the agency said.

In its latest update of the World Economic Outlook, released today, the IMF also expects “capital inflows in emerging markets remained strong, and financial terms, its solidity.”

The report also noted, “Commodity prices will remain high and inflation is rising in some emerging economies.”

It is projected that “consumer prices in these economies will increase 6% this year, i.e., an upward revision of three quarters of a percentage point from the October 2010 edition of World Economic Outlook,” according .

In this context, “in emerging economies, the most important risks are linked to warming, a rapid escalation of inflationary pressures and the possibility of a hard landing,” so “should establish or maintain a restrictive monetary policy if they are starting overheating pressures emerge. “

For its part, the advanced economies are expected to advance 2.5 percent in the period from 2011 to 1912, up a quarter of a percentage point from the perspective of the October 2010 edition.

“In advanced economies, it urges that more is to relieve the financial strain of the euro area and advancing the consolidation and reforms of the financial system and the medium-term fiscal consolidation,” the IMF said.

However, “are expected to remain intense financial strain in the periphery of the euro area, where still of concern to market participants sovereign risk and banking, the political viability of the current austerity measures, as provided, and the absence of a comprehensive solution. “

There, “comprehensive measures are needed, quick and decisive action to deal with downside risks” and “in many countries remains critical to further strengthen national policy measures to further strengthen fiscal sustainability and revive growth.

Since the discovery of quantum mechanics, and through the Uncertainty Principle described by Heisenberg, has internalized the fact, that uncertainty is inherent in the information. It is also true that, depending on the variables to analyze, not always the levels of uncertainty, or error probability, be the same.

Physics and sociology have something in common: they study objects in motion. To Macaronis: “One of the difficulties of studying sociology is that we are studying a moving object: the company can change just as fast as the study!” [1]. the information we get today, may not be valid tomorrow.

This is because, when viewed from a sociological perspective a fact, a phenomenon is taken into account only a few, limited, the set of all variables involved in the event. By not taking into account other determinants, which in fact are doing is assumed constant, static. In this model, the object of study, therefore, does not come entirely as dynamic. That is why, information is lost!

Society changes, but its exchange rate is not constant for each time interval. By neglecting the environment variables, ie, assuming constant loss of data on the rate of change, i.e., its speed.

Furthermore, sociological research techniques are facing another problem: in addition to dealing with the uncertainty caused by its own limitations, must also confront a whole (society) where the elements that make (people) act depending on Part of the uncertainty of information being handled.